BIBLIOGRAFIA

Colau A. y Alemany A. (2013) 2007-2012: Retrospectiva sobre desahucios y ejecuciones hipotecarias en España, estadísticas oficiales e indicadores. Plataforma de Afectados por la Hipoteca.  España

España, Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Informes Estudios e investigación (2014).  Plan Nacional de Acción para la Inclusión Social del Reino de España 2013-2016

Sanchez  J. (2015) Ejecuciones hipotecarias en España. El Mundo. Recuperado de: http://www.elmundo.es/elmundo/2013/graficos/may/s1/ejecuciones_hipotecarias.html

Ley 1/2013, medidas para reforzar la protección a los deudores hipotecarios, reestructuración de deuda y alquiler social. Boletín Oficial del Estado, España, 15 de mayo de 2013.

 Palomar M. (2013) La vivienda nuestra segunda piel: Intervención publica en materia de vivienda en la ciudad de Cádiz.  Master Oficial Universitario en intervención Social en las Sociedades del Conocimiento- Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, España

SOCIAL POLICY FOR THE RIGHT TO DECENT HOUSING FOR FAMILIES IN SOCIAL EMERGENCY: UBUNTU 2.0

RATIONALE FOR UBUNTU 2.0

You can say that Ubuntu is a policy born of uncertainty, uncertainty that appears after reviewing and analyzing documents such as the National Social Inclusion Plan of the Kingdom of Spain 2013-2016 envisages a series of actions such as:
* Performance 146. To facilitate access to housing aid to people most vulnerable families and the possibility of establishing responsible on its income statement instead of the generic declaration of income tax, where that is not possible.
* Action 147. Supporting the most vulnerable families (pensioners charge the minimum amount, large families or households with all members unemployed) payment of electricity bills by maintaining the social bond.
* Performance 159. To guarantee the right of rehousing in the same field of action or one next, to those who have been evicted from their residence, as determined by Law 8/2013 of 26 June, rehabilitation , regeneration and urban renewal.
* Performance 153. Facilitate access to rental housing by consolidating the supplement to the retirement pension or non-contributory invalidity recognized those who usually reside in rented accommodation, as required under the applicable regulation.

These actions provide a great help to people affected by the problem to accessing housing, to pay bills and even for the reintegration of employment. It is true that a person who has been evicted, has lost his home, and these measures will help to return to a home, but forget that a person who is terminally ill also loses the sense of security and protection, you may suffer depression and even most of the time, the dying person has completely lost his self-esteem and even lacks support network.
Therefore we ask: Is there no action to help a terminally ill person to regain his confidence and form a support network?



There was also an analysis of the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID), which is responsible for combating poverty in underdeveloped countries. Here you can find various sectors of cooperation really necessary for life, including this: water and sanitation, education or food security but nowhere can see sectors that help get decent housing. And reborn uncertainty Is it then assumes that because everyone has a home in all these policies exist?

It can not be invisible to policy developments in this area, in response to the dramatic situation in which families are at risk of losing their residence. Law 1/2013 in which some improvements in the situation of eviction is issued:
* The immediate suspension for a period of two years of evictions of families who are in a risk of exclusion. This measure is exceptional and temporary.
* The possibility that if, after the foreclosure of residence still remained outstanding debt may acquit part payment of the debt is given, provided that they comply with certain payment obligations.

* A social housing fund aimed at providing coverage to those who have been evicted from their residence for non-payment of a mortgage loan will be promoted.

After reading this law we turn to ask: What about social support networks for families who are in social emergency and also evicted?

These questions we ask and are not usually considered important when developing a social policy, lead us to the realization of an intervention that is our proposal UBUNTU 2.0.

CONTEXT

From the data collected in Table 1, the situation of foreclosures in 2015 is described, emphasizing the situation of Andalusia.

TABLE 1

Source 1 National Statistics Institute. Accessed 05/21/2016

In this Table 1 can be seen as the autonomous region most affected by foreclosures in 2015 is Andalusia, with 16,094 foreclosed homes, added to the total of 28126 households. Following Andalusia is Valencia with 10,751 homes evicted and Catalonia with 11,165.

Figure 1 Foreclosures in Andalucia by provinces. Year 2014-2015 (Click on image to view)


Source 2 National Institute of Statistics. Accessed 05/21/2016

This graph 1 shows foreclosures made in all provinces of Andalusia during the years 2014 and 2015. It is noted that the most affected province is Almeria in 2014. However, had a big drop in foreclosures in 2015, the unlike provinces such as Cadiz, Cordoba, Granada, Malaga and Seville in 2015 they increased their foreclosures. The most affected province in 2015 is followed by Sevilla Malaga and Almeria.

As latter has included a table on the evolution of evictions in the province of Cadiz falling between 2007 to 2014.

FIGURE 3


Source: Compiled from the data available from the General Council of the Judiciary

A rise in executions was seen from 2007 to 2009, although a slight fall occurs until 2011. Since then begins to rise again to reach in 2014 the 2324 foreclosures.
Now, we focus on Cadiz to carry out our policy because according to the study by García Palomar (2014) on public intervention in housing in the city of Cadiz, the number of evictions increases daily. According Palomar, more than 4,800 gaditanos are registered in the Public Registry of Protected Housing Applicants. More and more families lose their homes and tend to reunite with their families of origin as the only alternative to your problem.
According to El Diario de Cadiz, evictions figures are shocking: an average of one hundred evictions a year, this translates into an eviction every three days. These data have been worse in the strongest years of the crisis in the city. For example, in the words of senior judge Pablo Sanchez, Cadiz they judged moved into the city 279 procedures in 2012 and 282 2014.
Likewise, if we make an estimate of the needs of housing, shelter and Accommodations in Cadiz based on data from the last two General Plans and Housing Census INE (2011) and the actions of social groups, the figures are as follows: exist of 3,984 housing applicants; 675 substandard housing; at least 400 families directly affected; and 126 homeless and homeless. Moreover resources that can help solve the housing problem in Cadiz estimate: 6,866 empty homes; 128 empty properties in the historic center; 858 homes both public and private. Thus, we can see how the real estate park of Cadiz is enough to accommodate all claimants of housing and homelessness from the quantitative point of view.

Again you can see by this table the great need for intervention has Cadiz, since not only their percentage of foreclosures is the highest, but has the highest unemployment rate in Andalusia with 37 '18% .

The evolution of the unemployment rate in Cadiz in the years since the second quarter of 2007 to the third quarter 2015. If there is a better representation of unemployment caused by the crisis of 2008 is certainly this, as you can see from the start year does nothing but raise the percentage of unemployed until the 2013 in which the percentage is 34'86%, the highest. Since then insignificant downs that do not exceed 1% from year to year, up to April 2016 is presented with a 33'19% are appreciated.
With all these data can confirm the potential risk that the population is gaditana as long-term unemployed having consequences in addition to the loss of purchasing power, the loss of their residence.

What is intended Ubuntu?

This policy aims to respond to both primary needs like self-actualization of people who suffer this social problem, which has been going on for years, but emerges sharply again in times of crisis they face today.
To do this, it has a network of housing formed by a bag of accommodation in the catalog of social housing in the Andalusian, whose location is in Department of Housing within the Agency promote leasing in collaboration with social services , health services and employment.
 It will also work with the usual homes of families who have opted for the endowment payment of family particularly in the province of Cadiz as a pilot.
It will try to provide temporary families and individuals who have been subject to eviction accommodation. Guaranteeing and prioritizing the right to a dignified life and to the inclusion of families in situations of social vulnerability. In parallel, to address the situation of psychosocial distress generated by this dramatic situation, they will be incorporated into the social and educational groups to encourage and promote healthy habits, values ​​and cooperation.
 It will be held institutional coordination with the Andalusian Employment Service through a partial referral to the completion of a career path and thus achieve their goals by improving their resources and their situation.
It will work with the philosophy of the importance of group support, for it will take place the creation and promotion of social networks with the help of socio-educational groups.
There will also be a network of supportive housing and maintaining families will be encouraged in their usual homes.

Application and commitments in Ubuntu 2.0

WHO CAN APPLY FOR UBUNTU?

All individuals and / or families in situations of social emergency people. Given all those families who have opted for payment in kind.
To access Ubuntu is essential to obtaining the minimum insertion income, meet program commitments and active participation in the change process, actively seeking employment.

WHAT THE FAMILY COMMITMENTS TO ASSUME accessing UBUNTU 2.0?

Commitments: Social policy Ubuntu 2.0, as well as serving as an aid for these families in this transition period, also a social change and values, a new vision of this phenomenon and people who are affected intended. Increased sensitivity to the collective and problematic, since it is a problem that can affect us all at some point or another in our lives directly or indirectly. Attitudes like cooperation, solidarity and participation are cornerstones of our policy. To achieve this, Ubuntu 2.0 has a number of commitments of access and permanence in the program.

- The beneficiaries accept the commitment and active participation in the program, cooperate with its neighbors, professionals, and other beneficiaries of this, etc ....

- Accept and work with tracking professionals to accompany them during its course in Ubuntu 2.0.

- Active involvement and commitment to the job search, mechanisms and means for obtaining a home after their experience.

-to Promote awareness and awareness of their situation as far as possible by sharing their experiences in the social and educational groups.
Respect, care for and maintain in good condition housing Ubuntu 2.0


Non participation or breach of the commitments could lead to the cancellation and expulsion of Ubuntu 2.0.

Measures and actions of the social worker in Ubuntu 2.0

Housing Network: The social program for decent housing and alternative inclusion eviction Ubuntu 2.0, it consists of a network of flats in the catalog of social housing of the board of Andalusia, and homes of families who have been forced to offer your usual payment address, but still living in them, with the philosophy of supervised apartments scattered around the province of Cadiz, and several of its municipalities for the most vulnerable families. NOT all catalog floors housing the board of Andalusia are like that, but for cases of greater vulnerability are proposed UBUNTU 2.0

These flats are located with the object of a larger network of early support and closeness of program beneficiaries in their new life. And meeting facilitation and monitoring of the network. The beneficiaries of the policy should work to improve them to make them more livable and cozy. They should also agree / negotiate everyday aspects of daily life. It is the job of professional, choice, tracking and tracing of families in offers of flats available and determine the price of rental housing based on family characteristics, determine if the surface of the housing so typology allows family may have more affinity by:

-Compatibility test

-family producttype

-Brief Family history

-context Family socioeconomic

-Characteristics Operation of parents and caregivers

-Characteristics Individual performance of children

-Social Networks Family

It is also a function of social worker get a cozy, familiar and cooperative climate. Individual and family intervention. And consider family structures for the selection of families could live. The analysis of the territory, families and homes. And the avoidance of dependence on politics, as we seek people to be active for their own welfare.

· Introduction to Job and developing career paths: that will accrue to SAE. The beneficiaries of the policy must be registered unemployed actively seeking employment, regularly attend the Andalusian employment service to be up to date, enroll in training courses, etc. Social workers will be responsible for keeping track of families and ensure that they participate actively in finding employment and improving their situation, since unjustified non-participation would result in expulsion from the program.

· Groups of socio-educational support: The beneficiaries of the policy will form a network of social and educational groups. to provide support in the implementation and transition program for sharing any errors, negative feelings, problems during development for beneficiary families. SOCIO groups to encourage the promotion of healthy habits, values ​​and cooperation. On the other hand, beneficiary families accept the commitment to participate in subsequent socio-educational groups.

Be committed social worker, coordination of groups along with monitoring compliance with all groups participating in the network; Help resolve conflicts arising from the diversity of serviced conflicts that may arise during the course of the groups; Promote principles such as non-judgmental, self-determination and confidentiality; Ensure the welfare of participants Ubuntu 2.0; Facilitate the empowerment of individuals and families; promote justice and equity; behave in a dignified manner to promote confidence, that is, will focus on the interests and needs of individuals and families who participate in ubuntu 2.0. Seizing the interaction established between them / as, cause changes to achieve social and educational objectives focused on personal growth, independence and empowerment.